The once solidly "neutral" Nordic nations in Northern Europe are taking precautions to ready their citizens to be able to cope under war-like conditions as the security apparatus on the continent continues to deteriorate amid the war in Ukraine.

The two Nordic nations joined NATO after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. With tensions rising, they are preparing their citizens in the event the threat spreads.

The 32-page guide offers advice on crisis management, air raid cover, and safeguarding psychological and digital security.

Sweden has a long history of producing war-time manuals for its citizens. "If War Comes" was produced in World War Two and updated during the Cold War. One passage has been elevated in the new booklet: "If Sweden is attacked by another country, we will never give up. All information to the effect that resistance is to cease is false."

The booklet "If Crisis or War Comes", sent out by the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB), contains information about how to prepare for emergencies such as war, natural disasters, cyber attacks

Sweden and Finland have told millions of citizens how to be prepared in the case of a war and crisis. The Nordic neighbours have published updated guidance today detailing what to do in the case of a conflict.